By Harry Robertson and Alun John
LONDON (Reuters) -Germany's two-year bond yield jumped to its highest level in 15 years on Thursday, rising back above the peak it hit in March before jitters in the banking system rocked global markets.
The new milestone was reached during a sharp sell-off in bonds in the euro zone, the United States and Britain, as investors bet central banks would hike interest rates even further than previously expected. Yields move inversely to prices.
Germany's two-year yield, which is highly sensitive to interest-rate expectations, rose to 3.393%, the highest since autumn 2008. It was last up 8 basis points (bps) at 3.366%.
Global yields were already higher on the day, and rose further after data showed that U.S. private payrolls increased much more than expected in June. Separate data showed that U.S. job openings dropped in May, but remained elevated.
Market analysts and traders said the minutes from the U.S. Federal Reserve's latest meeting, released on Wednesday, were likely another factor boosting yields on Thursday.
The minutes showed the bulk of policymakers expected they would need to tighten policy further, though they held interest rates at that meeting.
Giles Gale, head of European rates strategy at NatWest (LON:NWG) Markets, said investors were coming to terms with the idea that central bankers are going to keep rates "higher for longer".
"That central banks are going to break something and they'll be cutting rates soon, that's a story that just isn’t tracking," he said.
"It's been a week where frankly it's all been about fixed income weakness," he said. "There just doesn't seem to be the enthusiasm for it."
The German 10-year bond yield, the benchmark for the euro zone, was last up 15 bps at 2.627% and was on track for its biggest daily increase since March 21.
Germany's two-year yield has been grinding higher in recent weeks as European Central Bank policymakers have stressed that interest rates are likely to rise further from the current 3.5% as underlying price pressures remain strong.
The yield reached a peak of 3.385% in March before tumbling as a crisis hit mid-sized U.S. banks and Credit Suisse (SIX:CSGN), leading to the latter's takeover by rival UBS.
Italy's 10-year yield was 19 bps higher at 4.36%. That caused the gap between Italian and German 10-year yields to widen slightly to 172 bps.
"Markets are saying that inflation is too high, and growth is still too strong, and we need more rate hikes," said Mike Riddell, senior portfolio manager at Allianz (ETR:ALVG) Global Investors.
"Central banks seem to be encouraging markets to believe this too, suggesting more hikes are ahead."
The U.S. private payrolls data came ahead of the closely watched official employment report on Friday.
Economists stressed that the private payrolls data is not necessarily a good guide to the official report, but markets nonetheless reacted strongly, betting that a strong labour market will likely push the Fed to hike rates again this month.
Traders who bet on the path of interest rates expect the ECB to raise borrowing costs to 4% by December, according to pricing in derivatives markets on Thursday.