By Philip Pullella
VATICAN CITY (Reuters) - The Vatican will host executives of the world's top oil companies for a conference next week on climate change and the transition away from fossil fuels, a Vatican source said on Friday.
Pope Francis, who wrote a major document on protection of the environment from global warming in 2015, is expected to address the group on the last day of the June 8-9 conference.
The conference, organised by the University of Notre Dame in the United States, is expected to be attended by the heads or senior executives of companies including Exxon Mobil (N:XOM), Eni (MI:ENI), BP (L:BP), Royal Dutch Shell (L:RDSa) and Pemex, the source said.
The chief executive officers of Exxon, BP (L:BP) and Norway's Equinor (OL:EQNR) will attend the event, the companies confirmed. Shell declined to comment.
The oil and gas industry has come under increasing pressure from investors and activists to play a bigger role in reducing the emission of greenhouse gases in order to meet goals set out in a 2015 climate agreement signed in Paris.
Companies are betting on increased demand for gas, the least polluting fossil fuel, and to a lesser extent on renewable power such as wind and solar, to meet global targets of net zero emissions by the end of the century.
"We're hopeful that this kind of dialogue can help develop solutions to the dual challenge of managing the risks of climate change while meeting growing demand for energy, which is critical to alleviating poverty and raising living standards in the developing world," Exxon spokesman Scott Silvestri said.
The conference, titled "Energy Transition and Care for Our Common Home," will be held in the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, a 16th century villa in the Vatican gardens known as the Casina Pio IV.
In the 2015 encyclical, called "Laudato Si (Praise Be), On the Care of Our Common Home," Francis, the first pope from a developing nation, advocated a change of lifestyle in rich countries steeped in a "throwaway" consumer culture and an end to an "obstructionist attitudes" that sometimes put profit before the common good.
In several passages in the six-chapter encyclical, Francis confronted head-on both climate change doubters and those who say it is not man-made.
He said there was a "very solid scientific consensus" that the planet was warming and that people had to "combat this warming or at least the human causes which produce or aggravate it" because greenhouse gases were "released mainly as a result of human activity."
Francis called for policies to drastically reduce polluting gases, saying technology based on fossil fuels "needs to be progressively replaced without delay" and sources of renewable energy developed.
One of the key architects of the pope's encyclical, Cardinal Peter Turkson, head of the Vatican's department on promoting human development and a firm backer of the need to stem global warming, will address the group, the source said.
Last year, Francis, who strongly supported the Paris agreement on climate change, implicitly criticised the United States for pulling out of the accord.
The chancellor of the academy where the conference will be held, Bishop Marcelo Sanchez Sorondo, called the U.S. withdrawal a "huge slap in the face" for the Vatican.
News of the conference was first reported by the Axios news service.