Join +750K new investors every month who copy stock picks from billionaire's portfoliosSign Up Free

Cecil stirs world, but Africans see two sides to hunting debate

Published 12/08/2015, 15:12
Updated 12/08/2015, 15:16
© Reuters. Cecil the lion is seen at Hwange National Parks in this undated handout picture
HTG
-

By Chris Mfula

LUSAKA (Reuters) - When Zambia banned lion hunting in 2013, animal welfare groups roared in approval, but rural Zambians who face a threat from big cats and receive a slice of hunting-related revenues complained, causing the government to change its mind.

Leopard hunting will resume this season with "cautionary quotas", while lion hunting will be allowed to restart the year after that, according to the tourism minister, Jean Kapata.

"We decided to lift the hunting ban after receiving numerous complaints from the communities where the hunting blocks are located," Kapata said, adding that 50 percent of the money from hunting goes back to communities.

Before the 2013 moratorium on killing big cats, Zambia earned $3 million from game hunting.

"People complained they were no longer benefiting from wildlife resources," Kapata added. "I know of several schools and clinics built from this money."

However, Western outrage over the killing of Cecil the lion in neighbouring Zimbabwe by an American dentist has put Africa's multi-million dollar hunting industry in the crosshairs like never before.

Three U.S. airlines have stopped carrying lion, leopard, elephant, rhino or buffalo trophies - the so-called "Big 5" most-desired by hunters - in a move that could hurt the industry as American sportsmen are its biggest market.

Besides lost revenue for nations such as Zambia, it could also mean people paying the price for life with lions.

"We were also prompted to lift the ban because of the increasing cases of people and cattle being killed by lions. Recently a community leader in my home area was eaten," Kapata said.

When Zambia first announced the resumption of leopard and lion hunting in May, there was no outcry beyond the world of animal welfare groups - and certainly none of the Internet rage that followed Cecil's killing.

OLD, CLAWED AND DANGEROUS

Zambia estimates its lion population at 2,500 and believes it can have a sustainable hunting industry that protects humans while also conserving overall cat numbers.

"Trophy" animals are supposed to be old males that are beyond breeding age and have been pushed from the pride, meaning their killing has minimal impact on lion populations.

"In many instances they resort to eating cattle and human beings," Kapata said.

However, critics contend that enforcing such regulations and practices is impossible given that hunters operate deep in the bush in poorly governed and deeply impoverished countries such as Zimbabwe and Zambia.

Zimbabwean conservationists allege that Cecil was lured out of the sanctuary of a national park with bait before being shot by Walter Palmer, the dentist, with a bow and arrow.

"The hunting industry cannot be regulated because of the high price tags," said Jason Bell, southern Africa director for the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW). "People are going to do anything they can to bag the trophy."

FENCING THE PROBLEM

One solution is the South African model of fencing off big, dangerous animals to minimise the conflict between humans and wildlife and prevent episodes similar to Cecil's.

The killing of lions by livestock owners is a key threat to the animal, according to Luke Hunter, President of Panthera, an organisation focussed on the global preservation of wild cats.

"Lions are difficult for herders," Hunter said. "If we are to save lions in these landscapes, we need solutions that reduce the conflict."

Rwanda is going down the South African route of fenced off reserves, and last month reintroduced seven lions -- flown in from South Africa -- to its Akagera National Park, whose last lions were poisoned by farmers who resettled the park after the 1994 genocide.

"What we have done since then is build an electric fence around it," chief tourism officer Yamina Karitanyi said, outlining a strategy for a nascent ecotourism industry that will benefit local communities with 5 percent of park revenues.

MONEY

Much of the debate around hunting focuses on who gets the money the industry generates. This is subject to dispute.

One study, published in 2007 in the journal "Biological Conservation", found African trophy hunting generated annual revenues of at least $201 million.

However, a 2013 study commissioned by IFAW and other animal welfare organisations found that only 3 percent of the hunting revenue reaches the rural communities where hunting occurs.

Charles Jonga, director for the Community Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE), run by district governments in Zimbabwe to distribute fees from wildlife conservation, said it received $2 million from hunting fees.

"The money goes to various communities that have wildlife in their areas," he told Reuters.

"So we ask the question to those who want to stop animal hunting whether they have given any thoughts as to what will happen to the wildlife after people stop realizing economic benefits from it."

In two districts in Zimbabwe, he said, lions had killed 200 cattle and three people between 2011 and 2014.

In South Africa, much of the money spent on hunting accrues to private landowners, who may also own the animals their guests pay to kill.

Supporters say this provides an incentive for conservation. Around 5,000 of South Africa's roughly 20,000 rhinos are in private hands, and the 80-100 rhinos hunted legally as trophies each year provide owners with an income to protect the rest.

" Hunting (LONDON:HTG) brings 90 million rand ($7 million) a year to conservation and rhino security," said Pelham Jones, chairman of the Private Rhino Owners Association.

"If North America closed the taps, it would have a environmental impact on a community that is already spending 340 million rand a year to secure rhinos."

© Reuters. Cecil the lion is seen at Hwange National Parks in this undated handout picture

($1 = 12.8084 rand)

Latest comments

Risk Disclosure: Trading in financial instruments and/or cryptocurrencies involves high risks including the risk of losing some, or all, of your investment amount, and may not be suitable for all investors. Prices of cryptocurrencies are extremely volatile and may be affected by external factors such as financial, regulatory or political events. Trading on margin increases the financial risks.
Before deciding to trade in financial instrument or cryptocurrencies you should be fully informed of the risks and costs associated with trading the financial markets, carefully consider your investment objectives, level of experience, and risk appetite, and seek professional advice where needed.
Fusion Media would like to remind you that the data contained in this website is not necessarily real-time nor accurate. The data and prices on the website are not necessarily provided by any market or exchange, but may be provided by market makers, and so prices may not be accurate and may differ from the actual price at any given market, meaning prices are indicative and not appropriate for trading purposes. Fusion Media and any provider of the data contained in this website will not accept liability for any loss or damage as a result of your trading, or your reliance on the information contained within this website.
It is prohibited to use, store, reproduce, display, modify, transmit or distribute the data contained in this website without the explicit prior written permission of Fusion Media and/or the data provider. All intellectual property rights are reserved by the providers and/or the exchange providing the data contained in this website.
Fusion Media may be compensated by the advertisers that appear on the website, based on your interaction with the advertisements or advertisers.
© 2007-2024 - Fusion Media Limited. All Rights Reserved.